Publication Ethics

Silence is committed to maintaining the highest standards of integrity, transparency, and ethical responsibility in scholarly publishing. The journal expects all participants in the publication process—including authors, reviewers, editors, and editorial staff—to adhere to recognized principles of research ethics and responsible academic conduct.

《Silence》致力于在学术出版中维持最高标准的诚信、透明度与伦理责任。本刊期望出版过程中的所有参与者——包括作者、审稿人、编辑及编辑部工作人员——均恪守公认的研究伦理与负责任的学术行为原则。

The journal promotes intellectual honesty, methodological transparency, and respect for intellectual contributions. All submitted manuscripts are evaluated according to established ethical and academic standards to ensure the credibility and reliability of the scholarly record.

本刊倡导智识诚实、方法论透明，并尊重智识贡献。所有提交的稿件均须根据既定的伦理与学术标准进行评估，以确保学术记录的可信度与可靠性。

Authors submitting manuscripts to Silence are expected to ensure that their work meets the following ethical standards:

向《Silence》投稿的作者须确保其工作符合以下伦理标准：

Originality and Academic Integrity 原创性与学术诚信

Authors must ensure that their submitted work is original and has not been published previously in the same form. All sources, data, and ideas derived from other scholars must be appropriately cited and acknowledged. Plagiarism, including self-plagiarism, improper citation, or the presentation of others’ work as one’s own, is strictly prohibited.

作者必须确保其提交的工作为原创，且未曾以相同形式在其他文献中发表。所有源自其他学者的文献、数据与思想均必须得到适当的引用与致谢。严禁剽窃（包括自我剽窃）、不当引用或将他人的工作作为己方成果呈现。

Accuracy of Research 研究的准确性

Authors are responsible for presenting their research accurately and transparently. Methods, data, and analytical procedures should be described clearly so that readers can understand the research process and its limitations. Where applicable, authors should report both successful and unsuccessful aspects of their research to ensure transparency in the scholarly record.

作者有责任准确、透明地呈现其研究。应清晰描述研究方法、数据与分析程序，以便读者理解研究过程及其局限性。在适用情况下，作者应如实报告其研究中成功与不成功的维度，以保障学术记录的透明度。

Multiple or Concurrent Submissions 多重或一稿多投

Manuscripts submitted to Silence must not be under consideration by another journal at the same time. Authors must wait for an editorial decision before submitting the same manuscript elsewhere.

提交至《Silence》的稿件不得同时在其他期刊处接受审阅。作者必须等待本刊的编辑决定后，方可将同一稿件投往他处。

Acknowledgment of Sources 来源致谢

Proper acknowledgment of the work of others is essential. Authors should cite all relevant literature that has influenced the research.

对他人工作的适当致谢至关重要。作者应引用所有对该研究产生影响的相关文献。

Authorship 作者身份

Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made significant intellectual contributions to the research. All listed authors must approve the final version of the manuscript and agree to its submission to the journal. Contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship may be acknowledged appropriately.

作者身份应仅限于对研究做出重大智识贡献的个人。所有列出的作者必须批准稿件的最终版本，并同意将其提交给本刊。不符合署名标准的贡献者可予以适当致谢。

Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest 利益冲突披露

Authors must disclose any financial, institutional, or personal relationships that could influence the interpretation or presentation of their research.

作者必须披露任何可能影响其研究的解释或呈现的财务、机构或个人关系。

Peer reviewers play an essential role in maintaining the quality and credibility of the journal. Reviewers are expected to adhere to the following ethical principles:

同行评审人在维持期刊质量与可信度方面发挥着至关重要的作用。审稿人须遵守以下伦理原则：

Confidentiality 保密性

Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Reviewers must not share, distribute, or use the information contained in submitted manuscripts for personal advantage.

收到的评审稿件必须作为机密文件对待。审稿人不得为个人利益分享、分发或使用提交稿件中包含的信息。

Objectivity and Fairness 客观性与公正性

Reviews should be conducted objectively and constructively. Personal criticism of authors is inappropriate. Reviewers should provide clear and reasoned evaluations that support editorial decision-making.

评审应客观且具建设性地进行。对作者进行人身批评是不当的。审稿人应提供清晰、合理的评估，以支持编辑的决策。

Acknowledgment of Relevant Work 确认相关文献

Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. They should also inform the editor if they become aware of potential overlap between the submitted manuscript and other published works.

审稿人应指出作者未引用的相关已发表文献。如发现提交的稿件与其他已发表作品之间存在潜在的重叠，也应及时通知编辑。

Conflict of Interest 利益冲突

Reviewers should decline to review manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest arising from competitive, collaborative, or personal relationships with the authors or institutions involved.

如审稿人与涉及的作者或机构存在因竞争、合作或个人关系而产生的利益冲突，应拒绝评审该稿件。

Editors are responsible for ensuring that the journal maintains high standards of scholarly integrity and fairness throughout the editorial process.

编辑有责任确保期刊在整个编辑流程中维持高标准的学术诚信与公正。

Fair Evaluation 公正评估

Editors evaluate manuscripts solely on the basis of academic merit, including originality, clarity of argument, methodological rigor, and relevance to the journal’s scope. Editorial decisions are not influenced by the authors’ nationality, institutional affiliation, gender, or other personal characteristics.

编辑仅依据学术价值（包括原创性、论证清晰度、方法论严密性以及与期刊范围的契合度）来评估稿件。编辑决策不受作者的国籍、机构附属关系、性别或其他个人特征的影响。

Confidentiality 保密性

Editors and editorial staff must not disclose information about submitted manuscripts to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, and other editorial advisers involved in the publication process.

编辑及编辑部工作人员不得向通讯作者、审稿人及参与出版过程的其他编辑顾问以外的任何人披露有关提交稿件的信息。

Conflict of Interest 利益冲突

Editors must recuse themselves from handling manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest.

编辑必须回避处理与其自身存在利益冲突的稿件。

Ethical Oversight 伦理监督

Editors will take appropriate action if ethical concerns arise regarding submitted or published manuscripts. This may include requesting clarification from authors, initiating investigations, or issuing corrections or retractions where necessary.

如对已提交或已发表的稿件产生伦理疑虑，编辑将采取适当行动。这可能包括要求作者澄清、发起调查，或在必要时发布更正或撤稿声明。

The journal takes allegations of research or publication misconduct seriously. Suspected cases of plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification, duplicate publication, or other unethical practices will be investigated in accordance with accepted academic standards.

本刊严肃对待关于研究或出版不端行为的指控。涉嫌剽窃、数据伪造、篡改、重复发表或其他不道德行为的案件，将根据公认的学术标准进行调查。

Where misconduct is confirmed, the journal may take actions including:

若不端行为属实，本刊可能采取以下行动：

If significant errors or ethical concerns are identified after publication, the journal will take appropriate measures to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record. These measures may include issuing corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions when necessary.

若在文章发表后发现重大错误或伦理问题，本刊将采取适当措施以维护学术记录的完整性。在必要时，这些措施可能包括发布更正、关切声明或撤稿。

Authors should ensure that their research complies with relevant ethical standards, particularly when studies involve human participants, personal data, or sensitive materials. Where applicable, authors should indicate that appropriate ethical approvals have been obtained.

作者应确保其研究符合相关的伦理标准，特别是当研究涉及人类参与者、个人数据或敏感材料时。在适用情况下，作者应说明已获得适当的伦理审查与批准。

By adhering to these ethical principles, Silence aims to maintain a trustworthy and responsible platform for scholarly communication. The journal encourages open discussion of research practices, including methodological limitations, uncertainties, and challenges encountered during the research process.

通过坚守这些伦理原则，《Silence》旨在为学术交流维持一个值得信赖且负责任的平台。本刊鼓励对研究实践进行公开讨论，包括探讨研究过程中遭遇的方法论局限、不确定性与挑战。

This commitment to transparency contributes to the development of a reliable and comprehensive scholarly record.

这种对透明度的承诺有助于构建可靠且全面的学术记录。